Vision Related Side Effects of Traumatic Head Injury

Vision Related Side Effects of Traumatic Head Injury

Field Loss
Hemianopsia (Loss of half of the field of view to the right or left
Quadranopsias ( Loss of about 1/4 sector of the visual field)
Central Loss
Sector Loss
Peripheral Loss
Total Loss of Visual Field
Attitudinal Losses
Photophobia
Reading Disorders
Diplopia - Exotropia, Esotropia and Hypertropia
Cranial Nerve Paresis / Paralysis III ,IV, VI , VII
Small changes in refractive errors more significant
Nystagmus
Lagophthalmos
Dry Eye - Decreased Blink Rate
Visual Hallucinations
Formed - Objects
Unformed - Stars, Lightning Bolts
Anisocoria
Accommodative Problems
Convergence Problems
Eye Movement Disorders, Fixation, Pursuits
Frequent Headaches
Unstable Ambient Vision
Visual Perceptual Disturbances
Disturbances in body image
Disturbances of spatial relationships
Right - Left discrimination problems
Agnosia - difficulty in object recognition
Apraxia - difficulty in manipulation of objects
Memory Loss
Psychological problems

Modified from a list by Allen Cohen, O.D. and Lynn Rein, O.D.